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Simulation Test

IBT

Hero Image Persiapan Tes GMAT

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You only have 35 Minutes for Reading + 36 Minutes for Listening section (total 4260 seconds) to complete the test and your answers will be submitted automatically.

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IBT SIMULATION

Welcome to IBT Simulation Test

Test your IBT Skill

Information to Test takers

There are three parts to the test including Listening, Speaking, Writing, and Reading.

Each question carries different point.

No. of Questions : 100 items
Score Range : 0 - 200
Timing : 100 Minutes

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Complete the form below correctly before starting the test.

At the end of the test, the score report will be sent to your email

Text for questions number 1-10.

Looking at Theatre History

One of the primary ways of approaching the Greek theatre is through archeology, the systematic study of material remains such as architecture, inscriptions, sculpture, vase painting, and other forms of decorative art. [A] serious on-site excavations began in Greece around 1870, but W. Dörpfeld did not begin the first extensive study of the Theatre of Dionysius until 1886. [B] Since that time, more than 167 other Greek theatres have been identified and many of them have been excavated. [C] Nevertheless, they still do not permit us to describe the precise appearance of the skene (illustrations printed in books are conjectural reconstructions), since many pieces are irrevocably lost because the buildings in later periods became sources of stone for other projects and what remains is usually broken and scattered. [D] That most of the buildings were remodeled many times has created great problems for those seeking to date the successive versions. Despite these drawbacks, archeology provides the most concrete evidence we have about the theatre structures of ancient Greece. But, if they have told us much, archaeologists have not completed their work, and many sites have scarcely been touched.

Perhaps the most controversial use of archaeological evidence in theatre history is vase paintings, thousands of which have survived from ancient Greece. (Most of those used by theatre scholars are reproduced in Margarete Bieber’s The History of the Greek and Roman Theatre.) Depicting scenes from mythology and daily life, the vases are the most graphic pictorial evidence we have. But they are also easy to misinterpret. Some scholars have considered any vase that depicts a subject treated in a surviving drama or any scene showing masks, flute players, or ceremonials to be valid evidence of theatrical practice. This is a highly questionable assumption, since the Greeks made widespread use of masks, dances, and music outside the theatre and since the myths on which dramatists drew were known to everyone, including vase painters, who might well depict the same subjects as dramatists without being indebted to them. Those vases showing scenes unquestionably theatrical are few in number.

The texts to classical Greek plays were written down soon after the performance and possibly even before, though it is not always clear when or by whom. By 400 B.C.E., there was a flourishing book trade in Greece, but the texts for plays were a challenge. Hellenistic scholars dedicated years to sorting out the text and removing what they believed to be corruptions generally added by actors, but each time a text was copied there were new possibilities for errors.

The oldest surviving manuscripts of Greek plays date from around the tenth century C.E., some 1,500 years after they were first performed. Nevertheless, the scripts offer us our readiest access to the cultural and theatrical conditions out of which they came. But these scripts, like other kinds of evidence, are subject to varying interpretations. Certainly performances embodied a male perspective, for example, since the plays were written, selected, staged, and acted by men. Yet the existing plays feature numerous choruses of women and many feature strong female characters. Because these characters often seem victims of their own powerlessness and appear to be governed, especially in the comedies, by sexual desire, some critics have seen these plays as rationalizations by the male-dominated culture for keeping women segregated and cloistered. Other critics, however, have seen in these same plays an attempt by male authors to force their male audiences to examine and call into question this segregation and cloistering of Athenian women.

By far the majority of written references to Greek theatre date from several hundred years after the events they report. The writers seldom mention their sources of evidence, and thus we do not know what credence to give them. In the absence of material nearer in time to the events, however, historians have used the accounts and have been grateful to have them. Overall, historical treatment of the Greek theatre is something like assembling a jigsaw puzzle from which many pieces are missing: historians arrange what they have and imagine (with the aid of the remaining evidence and logic) what has been lost. As a result, though the broad outlines of Greek theatre history are reasonably clear, many of the details remain open to doubt.

Glossary

Skene: a stage building where actors store their masks and change their costumes

1 / 50

1. According to paragraph 1, why is it impossible to identify the time period for theatres in Greece?

2 / 50

2. What can be inferred from paragraph 1 about the skene in theatre history?

3 / 50

3. Look at the four squares in first paragraph that indicate where the following sentence could be inserted in the passage.

These excavations have revealed much that was previously unknown, especially about the dimensions and layout of theatres.

Where could the sentence best fit?

4 / 50

4. In paragraph 2, how does the author explain that all vases with paintings of masks or musicians may not be evidence of theatrical subjects?

5 / 50

5. The word controversial in the passage is closest in meaning to ...

6 / 50

6. According to paragraph 3, scripts of plays may not be accurate for which reason?

7 / 50

7. In paragraph 4, what does the author state about female characters in Greek theatre?

8 / 50

8. The word overall in the passage is closest in meaning to

9 / 50

9. Why does the author mention a jigsaw puzzle in paragraph 5?

10 / 50

Directions: An introduction for a short summary of the passage appears below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that mention the most important points in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not included in the passage or are minor points from the passage. This question is worth 2 points (2 points for 3 correct answers, 1 point for 2 correct answers, and 0 points for 1 or 0 correct answers).

10. Greek theatre has been studied by a variety of methods

 

Text for questions number 11-20.

Estuaries

Fresh water from land enters the ocean through rivers, streams, and groundwater flowing through valleys. These valleys that channel fresh water from land to the salty ocean, and that range from extremely narrow stream-cut channels to remarkably broad lagoons behind long barrier islands, are called estuaries.

A number of types of estuaries are commercially vital. Many estuaries important for trade are the mouths of major rivers. The powerful flow of water in these rivers maintains channels that are deep enough for navigation by ocean-bound vessels, and the rivers themselves provide transportation of goods to points farther inland. In addition, estuaries formed as a result of tectonic or glacial activity are sometimes sufficiently deep to provide ports for oceangoing vessels. The types of estuaries that are not viable as ports of call for ocean commerce are those that are not wide enough, too shallow, and not powerful enough to prevent the buildup of sediment.

Estuary systems, which vary to reflect the geology of the coasts where they are found, can be broadly categorized as one of two different types. One type of estuary system is the type that is found in flooded coastal plains, the broad land areas that extend out to the continental shelves, on the Atlantic coasts of North and South America, Europe, and Africa, for example. On the other end of the spectrum is an estuary system that encompasses the mountainous coasts, with their rugged topography, such as those found along the Pacific coasts of North and South America.

Today, much of the eastern coast of the United States is a flooded coastal plain. During the last Ice Age, much of what is today the submerged continental shelf was exposed as an extended part of the continent. Intricate river systems composed of main rivers and their tributaries cut valleys across the plains to the edge of the shelf, where they released the fresh water that they carried into the ocean. Then, as the ice melted at the end of the Ice Age, rising waters reached inland over the lower areas, creating today’s broad drowned river valleys. On today’s flooded coastal plains, the water is comparatively shallow and huge amounts of sand and sediment are dumped. [A] These conditions foster the growth of extensive long and narrow offshore deposits, many of which are exposed above the water as sand spits or barrier islands. [B] These deposits are constantly being reshaped, sometimes extremely slowly and sometimes quite rapidly, by the forces of water and wind. [C] It is common along flooded coastal plains for drowned river valleys to empty into lagoons that have been created behind the sandspits and barrier islands rather than emptying directly into the ocean. [D] These lagoons support vigorous biological activity inasmuch as they are shallow, which causes them to heat up quickly, and they are fed by a constant inflow of nutrient-rich sediments.

Unlike the flooded coastal plains, the mountainous coasts have a more rough and irregular landscape with deeper coastal waters. There is less sand and sediment. In addition, external systems of barrier islands are not as pervasive as they are on flooded coastal plains because the mountainous topography blocks the flow of sediments to the coast and because the deeper ocean water inhibits the growth of barrier islands. Without the protection of barrier beaches, mountainous coasts are more exposed to direct attack by the erosive forces of waves. Different geological processes contribute to the uneven geographical features along mountainous coasts. The tectonic activity that creates them can cause large blocks of the Earth’s crust to fall below sea level; San Francisco Bay in California and the Strait of Juan de Fuca in northern Washington formed in this way. In the northern latitudes, coastal fjords were created as glaciers cut impressive u-shaped valleys through mountains and now carry fresh water from the land to the ocean.

11 / 50

11. What is true of estuaries?

12 / 50

12. What can be inferred about estuaries formed by tectonic or glacial activity?

13 / 50

13. Why does the author mention “On the other end of the spectrum” in paragraph 3?

14 / 50

14. The word “those” in paragraph 3 refers to ...

15 / 50

15. The word “encompasses” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to

16 / 50

16. According to the passage, what is implied about the last Ice Age?

17 / 50

17. Which of the words below is closest in meaning to “Intricate” in paragraph 4?

18 / 50

18. Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be inserted in the passage.

Some changes to the deposits can take place gradually over decades, while others can be quite radical in a period of only a few hours as the result of major storm activity.

Where could the sentence best fit?

19 / 50

19. The word “foster” in paragraph 4 could best be replaced by

20 / 50

20. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in paragraph 4? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.

LISTENING 1

Listens to part of conversation on campus between two students.

21 / 50

1. What are the students mainly discussing?

22 / 50

2. What is the man’s problem?

23 / 50

3. Why does the woman tell the man about her experience?

24 / 50

4. What is the woman’s attitude toward her internship?

25 / 50

5. What will the man probably do?

26 / 50

6. What is the main topic of the lecture?

27 / 50

7. According to the professor, what two results were reported in the Asch and Abrams studies? Click on 2 answer choices.

28 / 50

8. Why does the professor say this:

29 / 50

9. What generally happens after a group makes a decision?

30 / 50

Based on information in the lecture, indicate whether the statements describe the Asch study. For each sentence, click in the Yes or No column.

10. Only one subject is being tested.

31 / 50

The cards can be interpreted several ways.

32 / 50

Some of the group collaborate with the experimenter.

33 / 50

11. What is the professor's attitude about the studies on social influence?

34 / 50

12. What is the discussion mainly about?

35 / 50

13. Why does the professor say this

36 / 50

14. According to the professor, why do consumers develop brand loyalty?

37 / 50

15. How does the professor emphasize his point about branding?

38 / 50

16. Why does Susan mention laundry detergent?

39 / 50

17. According to the discussion, what would be a good way to sell a product?

LISTENING 4

Listens to part of conversation on campus between two students.

40 / 50

18. What is the purpose of this conversation?

41 / 50

19. What is the study about?

42 / 50

20. According to the man, why is it important to mention that the subjects were randomly selected?

43 / 50

21. Why does the woman say this:

44 / 50

22. Which section includes the conclusions?

45 / 50

23. What aspect of blood does the professor mainly discuss?

46 / 50

24. Why does the student say this:

47 / 50

25. Why does the professor mention fingerprints?

48 / 50

26. In cross matching, how does a compatible match appear under the microscope?

49 / 50

27. Why does the professor mention artificial blood?

50 / 50

28. What does the professor imply when she says this:

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