Pernah membaca atau menemukan teks eksplanasi sebelumnya? Atau malah belum tahu sama sekali? Nah, di artikel kali ini, kamu akan belajar tentang pengertian, tujuan, struktur, sekaligus contoh teks eksplanasi lho. Penasaran? Baca artikel lengkapnya di bawah!
Pengertian Teks Eksplanasi
Explanation Text adalah teks yang digunakan untuk menerangkan cara atau proses terjadinya sesuatu, terutama yang berkaitan dengan fenomena alam, dunia ilmiah atau sosial budaya.
An explanation is written to explain how and why something in the world happens. It is
about actions rather than about thing.
Explanation text berfungsi untuk menjelaskan proses dan penyebab terjadinya suatu peristiwa atau suatu hal secara detail. Sebuah Explanation text biasanya berasal dari pertanyaan terkait why dan how terhadap suatu fenomena yang ada.
Tujuan Teks Eksplanasi
Tujuan Explanation Text yaitu untuk menerangkan prosesproses yang terjadi dalam pembentukan sesuatu atau kegiatan yang terkait dengan fenomena-fenomena alam, sosial, ilmu pengetahuan, budaya, dan lainnya yang
bertujuan menjelaskan mengapa dan bagaimana hal tersebut bisa terjadi.
Struktur Teks Eksplanasi
Struktur teks / Generic Structure sebuah explanation text terdiri atas General Statement, Sequenced Explanation dan Closing atau Concluding Statement.
| EARTHQUAKES | Title |
| Earthquakes being the most deadly natural hazards strike without any prior warning leaving catastrophe in their wake with terrible loss of human lives as well as economic loss | General Statement |
| Technically, an earthquake (also known as tremor, quake or temblor) is a kind of vibration through earth’s crust. These powerful movements trigger a rapid release of energy that creates seismic waves that travel through the earth. Earthquakes are usually brief, but may repeat over a long period of time (earth science 2001). Earthquakes are classified as large and small. Large earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take form of violent shock. The vibrations from a large earthquake last for few days known as aftershocks. Small earthquakes are usually slight tremors and do not cause much damage. Large earthquakes are known to take down buildings and cause death and injury (Richter 1935). According to some statistics, there may be an average of 500,000 earthquakes every year but only about 100,000 can be felt and about 100 or so can cause damage each year. | Sequenced Explanation |
| Earthquakes are dreaded by everyone. | Closing atau Concluding Statement |
Ciri-Ciri dan Karakter Teks Eksplanasi
Unsur Kebahasaan
- Adverbia first, then, following, finally
- Hubungan sebab-akibat (if –then, so, as a consequence, since, due to, because of,
thanks to - Kalimat pasif, dalam tenses yang present
- Ucapan, tekanan kata, intonasi, ejaan, tanda baca, dan tulisan tangan
Contoh Teks Eskplanasi Bahasa Asing
Tsunami
Tsunami occurs when major fault under the ocean floor suddenly slips. The displaced rock pushes water above it like a giant paddle, producing powerful water waves at the ocean surface. The ocean waves spread out from the vicinity of the earthquake source and move across the ocean until they reach the coastline, where their height increases as they reach the continental shelf, the part of the earth crust that slopes, or rises, from the ocean floor up to the land.
A tsunami washes ashore with often disastrous effects such as severe flooding, loss of lives due to drowning and damage to property. A tsunami is a very large sea wave that is generated by a disturbance along the ocean
floor. This disturbance can be an earthquake, a landslide, or a volcanic eruption. A tsunami is undetectable far out in the ocean, but once it reaches shallow water, this fast traveling wave grows very large
gambar: freepik.com
